He aha nā kānana Sand a pehea lākou e hana ai?
ʻO nā kānana Sand he ʻōnaehana kānana wai e hoʻohana ana i ke one ma ke ʻano kānana e hoʻoneʻe i nā ʻāpana a me nā haumia mai ka wai. Hoʻohana mau ʻia kēia mau kānana i nā loko ʻauʻau, nā aquarium, a me nā noi ʻoihana e mālama i ka wai maʻemaʻe a maʻemaʻe. Ma kēia ʻatikala, e nānā pono kākou i ka hana ʻana o nā kānana one a me ke kumu he ala kūpono ia no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe wai.
ʻO ka mea mua, he mea nui e hoʻomaopopo i ke ʻano o ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o nā kānana one. ʻO ka mea nui, ʻo nā kānana one nā pahu nui i hoʻopiha ʻia me kahi moena o ke one a me ka ʻiliʻili. Hoʻopili ʻia ka wai i loko o ka pahu kānana a kahe i loko o ka moena one, kahi e hoʻoneʻe ai i nā haumia a me nā ʻāpana ma o ke kaʻina i kapa ʻia ʻo mechanical filtration. A laila e hōʻiliʻili ʻia ka wai kānana ma lalo o ka pahu a hoʻihoʻi ʻia i loko o ka loko a i ʻole ka aquarium ma o ka laina hoʻihoʻi.
Akā, pehea e wehe maoli ai ka moena one i nā haumia mai ka wai? Aia ka pane i ka hiki i ke one ke pahele i nā ʻāpana. Ke kahe ka wai ma ka moena one, ua paʻa nā ʻāpana ma waena o nā ʻano one. Ma muli o ka nui o nā ʻāpana one, e wehe ʻia nā ʻano mea like ʻole. No ka laʻana, e hoʻoneʻe nā ʻāpana one nui i nā ʻāpana nui e like me nā lau a me ka lauoho aʻo nā ʻāpana one ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi e wehe i nā mea liʻiliʻi e like me ka lepo a me ka ʻōpala.
Ma waho aʻe o ka kānana mīkini, hoʻohana pū nā kānana one i kahi kaʻina i kapa ʻia ʻo biological filtration. Hoʻopili kēia i ka ulu ʻana o nā hua bacteria maikaʻi e wāwahi i nā mea ola i loko o ka wai. Pili kēia mau bacteria i ka ʻili o ke one a ʻai i ka mea ola i meaʻai. Kōkua kēia kaʻina hana i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe hou ʻana i ka wai ma ka wehe ʻana i nā mea haumia hiki ʻole ke kānana ʻia me ka mīkini.
Akā pehea ka lōʻihi e hiki ai i kahi kānana one ke hana pono? ʻO ke ola o kahi kānana one e pili ana i nā kumu he nui, me ka maikaʻi o ka wai e kānana ʻia, ka pinepine o ka hoʻohana ʻana, a me ka nui o ka moena kānana. I ka wā lōʻihi, e hoʻopili ʻia ke one me nā ʻāpana a me nā haumia, e kaupalena ana i kona hiki ke kānana pono i ka wai. Ke hana ʻia kēia, pono e hoʻololi ʻia ke one no ka hōʻoia e hiki ke hoʻomau i ka hana pono o ka kānana.
I ka hopena, ʻo nā kānana one kahi ala kūpono no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka wai ma nā ʻano hana like ʻole. Hana lākou ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi moena one e kānana mechanically i nā ʻāpana a me nā haumia mai ka wai, ʻoiai e kākoʻo ana i ka ulu ʻana o nā hua bacteria maikaʻi no ka kānana olaola. ʻOiai e pono ke hoʻololi ʻia nā kānana one, he koho hilinaʻi a kūpono hoʻi no ka mālama ʻana i ka wai maʻemaʻe a maʻemaʻe.