I-Sodium Hypochlorite Generator

I-Sodium Hypochlorite Generator isebenza ngenqubo yamakhemikhali ye-electrochlorination esebenzisa amanzi, usawoti ovamile nogesi ukukhiqiza i-Sodium Hypochlorite(NaOCl). Isixazululo se-brine (noma amanzi olwandle) senziwa ukuthi sigeleze ngeseli ye-electrolyzer, lapho kudlula khona umbane oqondile oholela ku-Electrolysis. Lokhu kukhiqiza i-Sodium Hypochlorite khona manjalo eyisibulala-magciwane esinamandla. Lokhu-ke kufakwa emanzini asezingeni elidingekayo ukuze kubulawe amagciwane, noma ukuvimbela Ukwakheka Kolwelwe kanye Ne-Bio Fouling.

Umgomo Wokusebenza weI-Sodium Hypochlorite Generator

Ku-Electrolyser, i-current idlula i-anode ne-cathode kusixazululo sikasawoti. okuyi-conductor enhle kagesi, ngaleyo ndlela i-electrolyzing isisombululo se-sodium chloride.

Lokhu kubangela i-chlorine (Cl₂) igesi ekhiqizwa ku-anode, kuyilapho i-sodium hydroxide (NaOH) ne-hydrogen (H₂) igesi ikhiqizwa ku-cathode.

Ukusabela okwenzeka kuseli electrolytic kuyinto

2NaCl + 2H₂O = 2NaOH + Cl₂ + H₂

I-chlorine iphinde ihlangane ne-hydroxide yakhe i-sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). Lokhu kusabela kungenziwa lula ngale ndlela elandelayo

Cl₂+ 2NaOH = NaCl + NaClO + H₂O

Isixazululo esikhiqiziwe sinenani le-pH eliphakathi kuka-8 no-8.5, kanye nenani eliphakeme elilingana ne-chlorine elingaphansi kuka-8 g/l. Inempilo yeshelufu ende kakhulu okwenza ifaneleke ukugcinwa.

Ngemva kokufaka isixazululo ekugelezeni kwamanzi, akukho ukulungiswa kwenani le-pH okudingekile, njengoba kuvame ukudingeka ku-sodium hypochlorite ekhiqizwa indlela yolwelwesi. Isixazululo se-sodium hypochlorite sisabela ekuphenduleni kwebhalansi, okuholela ku-hypochlorous acid

I-NaClO + H₂O = NaOH + HClO

Ukukhiqiza u-1kg okulingana ne-chlorine usebenzisa ijeneretha ye-Sodium Hypochlorite esendaweni, kudingeka u-4.5 kg kasawoti kanye namahora angu-4-kilowatt kagesi. Isixazululo sokugcina siqukethe cishe u-0.8% (8 amagremu/litre) sodium hypochlorite.

Izici ze-sodium hypochlorite generator

1. Kulula:Kudingeka amanzi, usawoti nogesi kuphela
2. Ayinabuthi:Usawoti ovamile okuwuketshezi oluyinhloko awunabo ubuthi futhi kulula ukuwugcina. I-Electro chlorinator inikeza amandla e-Chlorine ngaphandle kwengozi yokugcina noma ukuphatha izinto eziyingozi.
3. Izindleko eziphansi:amanzi kuphela, usawoti ovamile, kanye nogesi edingekayo ukuze electrolysis. Isamba sezindleko zokusebenza kwe-Electrochlorinator ingaphansi kwezindlela ezivamile zokuChlorination.
4. Kulula ukwenza umthamo ukuze uthole ukugxila okujwayelekile:I-sodium hypochlorite ekhiqizwa esizeni ayiwohloki njenge-sodium hypochlorite yokuhweba. Ngakho-ke, umthamo akudingeki ushintshwe nsuku zonke ngokusekelwe emandleni esixazululo se-hypo.
5. Indlela egunyaziwe yokubulala amagciwane ehambisana nemithetho yamanzi okuphuza- okunye okunezidingo zokuphepha ezimbalwa kumasistimu asekelwe kugesi we-chlorine.
6. Impilo ende yesevisi, uma kuqhathaniswa ne-membrane cell electrolysis
7. Ukukhiqizwa esizeni kwe-sodium hypochlorite kuvumela opharetha ukuthi akhiqize okuwukuphela kwayo okudingekayo nalapho kudingeka.
8. Iphephile Emvelweni:Njengoba kuqhathaniswa ne-12.5% ye-sodium hypochlorite, ukusetshenziswa kukasawoti namanzi kunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni ku-1/3rd. Isixazululo se-hypo sokugxila esingaphansi kuka-1% esikhiqizwe isistimu yethu asilungile futhi sithathwa njengengeyona ingozi. Lokhu kuhumushela ekuqeqeshweni okuncishisiwe kwezokuphepha kanye nokuphepha kwabasebenzi okuthuthukisiwe.

I-sodium hypochlorite generation reaction tank: I-Sodium Hypochlorite ekhiqizwe endaweni ngosizo lwe-synthetic brine noma amanzi olwandle isebenza kahle kakhulu ekuvikeleni okokusebenza ekukhuleni kokungcoliswa kwe-micro-organic kanye nokulawula ulwelwe nama-crustaceans. Ama-Compact Electrochlorinators akhiqizwa yi-FHC alungele ukubulala amagciwane emanzini ngesikhathi sezinhlekelele njengokuzamazama komhlaba, izikhukhula, noma izifo eziwumshayabhuqe. Ama-Electrochlorinators enzelwe ukubulala amagciwane emanzini okuphuza asemaphandleni nasesigodini.

Izinzuzo ze-On-Site Sodium Hypochlorite Generator

Nakuba ukucatshangelwa kwezomnotho kuyinzuzo enkulu ekusebenziseni i-Sodium Hypochlorite ekhiqizwe esizeni ngaphezu kokusetshenziswa kwezinye izinhlobo ze-Chlorination, izinzuzo zobuchwepheshe zikhulu nakakhulu.

Okulandelayo ezinye zezinkinga ezihlobene nokusebenzisa i-sodium hypochlorite ewuketshezi yezinga lokuhweba. Lezi zinokugxila okuphezulu (10-12%) kwe-chlorine esebenzayo. Lokhu kukhiqizwa nge-bubbling gas chlorine ku-Caustic soda (Sodium Hydroxide). Zibizwa nangokuthi i-Liquid Chlorine.

UkugqwalaUkugqwala okubangelwa i-hypochlorite Ekhiqizwe Ngezentengiselwano kuyakhathaza ngenxa yomphumela wako ezintweni zokusebenza. Isixazululo se-hypochlorite esingu-10 kuya ku-15% sinolaka kakhulu ngenxa ye-pH ephezulu kanye nokugxila kwe-chlorine. Ngenxa yemvelo yaso enolaka, isixazululo se-hypochlorite sizosebenzisa noma yiziphi izindawo ezibuthakathaka ohlelweni lwamapayipi e-hypochlorite futhi singadala ukuvuza. Ngakho-ke ukusebenzisa i-On-site sodium Hypochlorite generator kuyinketho ehlakaniphile.

UkukalaUkwakheka kwesikali se-calcium carbonate kungenye into ekhathazayo lapho kusetshenziswa i-hypochlorite ewuketshezi yezinga lezentengiselwano ukuze kufakwe i-chlorination. I-hypochlorite ye-liquid yezinga lezentengiso ine-pH ephezulu. Uma isisombululo se-pH se-hypochlorite esiphezulu sixutshwa namanzi okuhlanjululwa, sinyusa i-pH yamanzi axubile ibe ngaphezu kuka-9. I-calcium emanzini izosabela futhi ihlehle njengesikali se-calcium carbonate. Izinto ezinjengamapayipi, ama-valve, nama-rotameters angase akhuphuke futhi angasasebenzi kahle. Kunconywa ukuthi i-hypochlorite ewuketshezi yezinga lokuhweba ingahlanjululwa nokuthi amapayipi amancane kakhulu, izinga lokugeleza elizovumela, kufanele asetshenziswe ohlelweni.

Ukukhiqizwa KwegesiOkunye okukhathazayo nge-hypochlorite yezinga lezentengiso ukukhiqizwa kwegesi. I-Hypochlorite ilahlekelwa amandla ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi ikhiqize igesi yomoya-mpilo njengoba ibola. Izinga lokubola liyakhula ngokugxilisa ingqondo, izinga lokushisa, nezisusa zensimbi.

Ukuphepha Komuntu SiquUkuvuza okuncane kolayini bokuphakelayo kwe-hypochlorite kungaholela ekuhwamukeni kwamanzi bese kuthi kuphume igesi ye-chlorine.

Ukwakhiwa Kwe-ChlorateIndawo yokugcina yokukhathazeka ukuthi kungenzeka ukwakheka kwe-ion ye-chlorate. I-sodium hypochlorite iyancipha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ukuze yakhe i-ion chlorate (ClO3-) kanye ne-oxygen (O₂). Ukuwohloka kwesisombululo se-hypochlorite kuncike emandleni esixazululo, izinga lokushisa, kanye nokuba khona kwama-catalysts ensimbi.

Ukubola kweCommercial Sodium Hypochlorite kungadalwa ngezindlela ezimbili ezinkulu:
a). Ukwakheka kwe-Chlorates ngenxa ye-pH ephezulu, 3NaOCl= 2NaOCl+NaClO3.
b). Ukulahlekelwa ukuhwamuka kwe-chlorine ngenxa yokwanda kwezinga lokushisa.

Ngakho-ke, kunoma yimaphi amandla nezinga lokushisa elinikeziwe, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umkhiqizo wamandla aphezulu uzogcina uphansi emandleni e-chlorine atholakalayo kunomkhiqizo wamandla aphansi, njengoba izinga lokubola kwawo likhulu. I-American Water Works Association Research Foundation (AWWARF) iphethe ngokuthi ukubola kwe-concentrated bleach (NaOCl) kungumthombo okungenzeka kakhulu wokukhiqiza i-chlorate. Ukugcwala okuphezulu kweChlorate akukhuthazwa emanzini okuphuza.

Ishadi Lokuqhathanisa I-Chlorine

Manje, yisiphi isibulala-magciwane esifanele?

• I-Chlorine Gas- Kuyingozi kakhulu ukuphatha futhi akuphephile ezindaweni zokuhlala. Isikhathi esiningi, azitholakali.
• I-Bleaching Powder- I-Calcium Hypochlorite iyasebenza, kodwa yonke inqubo yokuxuba, ukulungisa, nokulahla udaka ingcolile kakhulu futhi inzima. Lokhu kwenza yonke indawo ibe ngcolile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-bleaching powder imunca umswakama ngesikhathi se-monsoon noma endaweni emanzi futhi ikhipha igesi ye-chlorine, okwenza amandla okugcoba alahlekelwe amandla awo.
• I-Liquid Bleach— I-Liquid Chlorine -noma iSodium Hypochlorite iyasebenza kakhulu. Lokhu kusesimweni esiwuketshezi ngakho kulula kakhulu ukusiphatha. Kodwa i-Liquid Chlorine ethengiswayo ayibizi nje kuphela kodwa iphelelwa amandla ngokuhamba kwesikhathi bese iba amanzi. Ingozi yokuchitheka kwamanzi iyinkinga evamile.
• I-Electro Chlorinator-Isebenza kahle kakhulu, iyonga, iphephile futhi kulula ukuyilungiselela nokuyisebenzisa. Lobu ubuchwepheshe bakamuva obamukelwa emazweni amaningi.