I-Platinized titanium anodes synopsis
Inqubo ye-anode esekelwe ku-Titanium/Tantalum/Niobium esekelwe ku-platinum, isebenzisa i-electroplating noma i-brush plating noma ehlanganisa inqubo yokunamathela, ukubukeka kumhlophe okusiliva okukhanyayo, okunezici zokuminyana kwamanje kokukhishwa kwe-anode nempilo ende yesevisi.
I-titanium anode ye-platinized synergistically ihlanganisa izici ezinhle ze-electrochemical zeplatinamu (Pt) nokumelana nokugqwala nezinye izici ze-titanium. Ama-anode avame ukukhiqizwa ukufakwa kwe-electrochemical kongqimba oluncane lwensimbi yeplatinamu noma ama-oxide eplatinamu ku-titanium substrate. Lawa ma-anode asebenza njengama-anode angenayo anokuqina okuphezulu futhi ayakhethwa ngoba ahlala engancibiliki kuma-electrolyte avamile.
I-Platinum iyinsimbi eyigugu eyaziwa ngezimfanelo zayo ezinhle eziyingqayizivele, kuhlanganise
- Ukumelana okuphezulu nokugqwala
- Ukumelana ne-oxidation
- High conductivity kagesi
- Ikhono lokwenza njenge-catalyst
- Ukuzinza kwamakhemikhali aphezulu
- Ukukwazi ukukhiqiza isiphetho esihle kakhulu
Izinga lokusetshenziswa eliphansi elisekelwa ukuguquguquka kukagesi okuphezulu kwenza i-platinum ibe into ethandwayo ye-anode. Kodwa ngenxa yezindleko zayo eziphezulu, ungqimba oluncane lweplatinamu kuphela olumbozwa ngezinto ezihlukene ezimelana nokugqwala njenge-tantalum (Ta), niobium (Nb) noma i-titanium (Ti) ukuze kuzuze lezi zici ezinhle.
Ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula i-titanium anode yeplatinized
Ngenqubo yokuhlanganisa i-electroplating noma ibhulashi (okuhlanganisa inqubo yokukhiqiza i-platinum coating sintering) insimbi yeplatinamu ku-titanium (i-tantalum, i-niobium), inhlanganisela yensimbi eyinhlanganisela nayo ingakhiqizwa ku-substrate. Le nhlanganisela iqukethe i-titanium metal, iplatinum, ama-oxide e-titanium nezinhlanganisela zensimbi ze-titanium neplatinamu.
Inqubo yokukhiqiza i-platinum coating sintering: sikhiqiza i-titanium anode eyiplatinamu ngokuthatha inqubo yokubola okushisayo ukuze sithole ungqimba oluminyene olungagugi lwe-platinum. Ingaphezulu le-anode liyashintshwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukunamathela kweplatinamu futhi kuthuthukiswe ngokuphawulekayo ukufana kokuqina kokuqina, futhi kunciphise i-porosity yokumboza inikeze ukumelana okukhulu kwe-asidi ku-anode. , Inqubo yokushisa yokwelapha i-coating eyinhlanganisela ikhiqiza izinguquko ekubunjweni kwamakhemikhali kanye ne-morphology ethuthukisa izakhiwo zayo ze-electrochemical. Le anode ehlanganiswe ne-platinum ye-titanium ingakhiwa ibe ibha, induku, ishidi, inezikhala nokunye ukuma okwenziwe ngokwezifiso ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zakho ezikhethekile.
Ukuziphatha kwamakhemikhali kwe-platinized titanium anode
I-Platinum ikhethwa endaweni engaphandle ye-anode ngenxa yokuthi imelana kakhulu nokugqwala futhi ingaqinisekisa ukugeleza kwamanje emithonjeni eminingi ye-electrolyte ngaphandle kokuholela ekwakhekeni kongqimba oluvikelayo. Ngenxa yokuthi ayigqwali, ayikhiqizi imikhiqizo egqwalile futhi ngenxa yalokho izinga lokusebenzisa liphansi kakhulu.
I-Platinum inert kusawoti kanye nama-asidi ahlanganisiwe, kuyilapho yona incibilika ku-aqua regia. Abukho ubungozi be-hydrogen embrittlement. (Ungafunda mayelana ne-hydrogen embrittlement esihlokweni esithi An Introduction to Hydrogen Embrittlement.) Ingenye yezinsimbi ezimbalwa ezingavamile ezimelana ngokuphelele nama-chloride amanzi olwandle.
I-Titanium ikhombisa ukumelana okuhle nendawo yasolwandle (ikakhulukazi amanzi olwandle). Ayisabeli ngezixazululo ezigxilile (80%) ze-metallic chlorides. Kodwa-ke, kulula ukuhlaselwa yi-hydrofluoric acid (HF) kanye ne-hot hydrochloric acid (HCl) yokugxila okuphezulu. Ngisho ne-hydrogen peroxide ne-nitric acid eshisayo ingahlasela i-titanium. Ama-oxidizing agents ngokuvamile awayihlaseli i-titanium ngoba yenza kalula i-protective oxide coating. Kodwa-ke, izinto ezingezona i-oxidizing ezifana ne-sulfuric acid (ngaphezu kuka-5% ukugxila) kanye ne-phosphoric acid (ngaphezu kuka-30%) zingahlasela i-titanium. Ngokombono we-hydrogen embrittlement, i-titanium ihamba kangcono kune-tantalum njenge-anode material.
Izinzuzo ze-platinized titanium anode
I-Platinum inezinzuzo zokungabi namandla kwe-electrochemical, amandla emishini, ukusebenza kahle kanye nokusebenza kahle kukagesi. Nokho, kubiza kakhulu. Ukuthuthukiswa kweplatinamu ku-titanium neplatinamu ezintweni ze-tantalum (esikwe esicwecwe kanye nesemboziwe) kuye kwavula ithuba lokusebenzisa lezi zinto ezintweni ze-anode zokuqeda insimbi kanye nezinhlelo zokuvikela i-cathodic ezinhlelweni ezibucayi.
Uma isetshenziselwa ama-anode emithonjeni yamanzi enamanzi njengamanzi olwandle, i-titanium yenza ungqimba oluzinzile lwefilimu ye-oxide evikelayo endaweni ezinzile ngaphansi kwe-voltage ethile yokuphuka, ngaleyo ndlela ivimbele ukugeleza kwamanje phakathi kwemidiya enamanzi kanye ne-anode. Endaweni yasolwandle, i-oxide eyenziwe ku-titanium iyakwazi ukumelana nama-volts angu-12, ngaphezu kwalokho umgoqo wokuvikela uphahlazeka futhi ukugeleza kwamanje kuqala inqubo yokugqwala.
Izici ze-platinized titanium anode
- i-platinized titanium anodes geometry ihlala ingashintshi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
- Ukonga amandla.
- Ukumelana nokugqwala okuphezulu.
- Ukuzinza okuphezulu kwe-dimensional kanye nokumelana nomthwalo.
- Amazinga aphezulu okunamathela kwensimbi eyigugu.
- Ukumelana okuthuthukisiwe ekuhlaselweni kwe-asidi.
- Ukukhiqiza okungeziwe kanye nezikhathi ezincishisiwe zokucwenga.
- Isisindo esilula (ikakhulukazi i-anode yegridi yemeshi).
- Impilo ende yokusebenza; isondlo-mahhala.
- Impilo ende yesevisi ngaphansi kokuminyana okuphezulu kwamanje ezixazululweni ezine-asidi.
- Khiqiza umumo oyinkimbinkimbi we-anode.
- Ukumelana nokucekelwa phansi kwesixhumi esibonakalayo ngamadiphozithi.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-platinized titanium anode
- I-Horizontal Plating, i-pulse Plating;
- I-electroplating yensimbi eyigugu - isb amabhavu e-Au, Pd, Rh kanye ne-Ru;
- I-electroplating yensimbi engeyona i-ferrous – isb. Amabhavu e-Ni, Cu, Sn, Zn kanye ne-non-fluoride Cr;
- Amabhodi wesifunda aphrintiwe e-electroplating;
- Ukuvikelwa Kwamanje Kwe-Cathodic Okuhlaba umxhwele.
Singakhiqiza i-titanium ye-platinized (noma i-Ta, Nb) yama-anode yamapuleti, ama-mesh, amashubhu, noma enziwe ngokwezifiso ngokuya ngezidingo zamakhasimende.