Sodium Hypochlorite Jenereithara e sebetsa ho electrochlorination lik'hemik'hale tse sebelisang metsi, letsoai le tloaelehileng le motlakase ho hlahisa Sodium Hypochlorite(NaOCl). Tharollo ea brine (kapa metsi a leoatle) e etsoa hore e phalle ka seleng ea electrolyzer, moo ho fetisoang hona joale ho lebisang ho Electrolysis. Sena se hlahisa Sodium Hypochlorite hang-hang e leng sebolaea-mafu se matla. Sena se tšeloa ka metsing ka har'a mahloriso a hlokahalang ho bolaea likokoana-hloko, kapa ho thibela Algae Formation le Bio Fouling.
Molao-motheo oa Ts'ebetso oaJenereithara ea sodium Hypochlorite
Ho Electrolyser, hona joale ho fetisoa ka anode le cathode ka tharollo ea letsoai. e leng mokhanni ea molemo oa motlakase, kahoo electrolyzing motsoako oa sodium chloride.
Sena se fella ka chlorine (Cl2) khase e hlahisoang ho anode, ha sodium hydroxide (NaOH) le hydrogen (H2) khase e hlahisoa ka cathode.
Boitšoaro bo etsahalang ka seleng ea electrolytic ke
2NaCl + 2H2O = 2NaOH + Cl2 + H2
Chlorine e tsoela pele ho sebetsana le hydroxide ho theha sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). Karabelo ena e ka nolofatsoa ka mokhoa o latelang
Cl2+ 2NaOH = NaCl + NaClO + H2O
Tharollo e hlahisoang e na le boleng ba pH pakeng tsa 8 le 8.5, le bongata bo lekanang le bo bongata ba chlorine bo ka tlase ho 8 g/l. E na le nako e telele haholo ea bophelo e etsang hore e tšoanelehe bakeng sa polokelo.
Ka mor'a ho tšela tharollo ka phallong ea metsi, ha ho na tokiso ea boleng ba pH e hlokahalang, joalo ka ha ho hlokahala hangata ho sodium hypochlorite e hlahisoang ke mokhoa oa lera. Tharollo ea sodium hypochlorite e arabela ka tsela e leka-lekaneng, e hlahisang hypochlorous acid
NaClO + H2O = NaOH + HClO
Ho hlahisa 1kg e lekanang le chlorine ho sebelisa jenereithara ea Sodium Hypochlorite, 4.5 kg ea letsoai le lihora tse 4-kilowatt tsa motlakase lia hlokahala. Tharollo ea ho qetela e na le hoo e ka bang 0.8% (8 grams/liter) sodium hypochlorite.
Litšobotsi tsa jenereithara ea sodium hypochlorite
- E bonolo:Ho hlokahala feela metsi, letsoai le motlakase
- Ha e na Chefo:Letsoai le tloaelehileng leo e leng ntho e ka sehloohong ha le chefo ebile ho bonolo ho le boloka. Electro chlorinator e fana ka matla a Chlorine ntle le kotsi ea ho boloka kapa ho sebetsana le lisebelisoa tse kotsi.
- Theko e tlase:metsi feela, letsoai le tloaelehileng, le motlakase ho hlokahala bakeng sa electrolysis. Litsenyehelo tsa ts'ebetso ea Electrochlorinator li tlase ho feta mekhoa e tloaelehileng ea Chlorination.
- Ho bonolo ho e sebelisa ho fumana khatello e tloaelehileng:Sodium hypochlorite e hlahisoang sebakeng sa marang-rang ha e fokotsehe joalo ka sodium hypochlorite ea khoebo. Ka hona, ha ho hlokahale hore litekanyetso li fetoloe letsatsi le leng le le leng ho latela matla a tharollo ea hypo.
- Mokhoa o amohetsoeng oa ho bolaea likokoana-hloko o tsamaellanang le melaoana ea metsi a nooang- mokhoa o mong o nang le litlhoko tse fokolang tsa polokeho ho litsamaiso tse thehiloeng ka khase ea chlorine.
- Bophelo bo bolelele ba tšebeletso, ha e bapisoa le membrane cell electrolysis
- Ho hlahisa sodium hypochlorite sebakeng sa marang-rang ho lumella opereishene ho hlahisa eona feela e hlokahalang le ha e hlokahala.
- Sireletsehile bakeng sa Tikoloho:Ha ho bapisoa le 12.5% sodium hypochlorite, tšebeliso ea letsoai le metsi e fokotsa tlhahiso ea carbon ho 1/3rd. Tharollo ea hypo ea "concentration" e ka tlase ho 1% e hlahisoang ke sistimi ea rona e bobebe ebile e nkuoa e se kotsi. Sena se fetolela koetliso e fokotsehileng ea polokeho le polokeho ea basebetsi e ntlafalitsoeng.
Sodium Hypochlorite generation reaction tank: Sodium Hypochlorite e hlahisoang setšeng ka thuso ea brine ea maiketsetso kapa metsi a leoatle a sebetsa hantle haholo ho sireletsa lisebelisoa ho tloha kholong ea litšila tse nyane tsa tlhaho le taolo ea algae le crustaceans. Li-Compact Electrochlorinators tse entsoeng ke FHC li loketse ho bolaea metsi nakong ea likoluoa tse kang litšisinyeho tsa lefatše, likhohola kapa mafu a seoa. Li-electrochlorinators li etselitsoe ho thibela likokoana-hloko tsa "point-of-use" mahaeng le metseng ea metsi a nooang.
Melemo ea Setsi sa Jenereithara ea Sodium Hypochlorite
Leha ho nahanoa ka moruo e le monyetla o moholo oa ho sebelisa Sodium Hypochlorite e hlahisitsoeng sebakeng sa marang-rang ho feta ts'ebeliso ea mefuta e meng ea Chlorination, melemo ea tekheniki e kholo le ho feta.
Lintlha tse latelang ke tse ling tsa mathata a amanang le ho sebelisa sodium hypochlorite ea boemo ba khoebo. Tsena li na le khatello e phahameng (10-12%) ea chlorine e sebetsang. Tsena li hlahisoa ke bubbling gas chlorine ka Caustic soda (Sodium Hydroxide). Li boetse li bitsoa Liquid Chlorine.
CorrosionHo kutu ka lebaka la hypochlorite e hlahisoang ke Khoebo ke ntho e tšoenyang ka lebaka la phello ea eona ho thepa. Tharollo ea 10 ho isa ho 15% ea hypochlorite e mabifi haholo ka lebaka la pH ea eona e phahameng le chlorine. Ka lebaka la tlhaho ea eona e mabifi, tharollo ea hypochlorite e tla sebelisa libaka tse fokolang tsamaisong ea liphaephe tsa hypochlorite 'me e ka baka ho lutla. Kahoo ho sebelisa jenereithara ea Hypochlorite e fumanehang sebakeng sa marang-rang ke khetho e bohlale.
Ho thehoa ha calcium carbonate scale ke ntho e 'ngoe e amehang ha u sebelisa hypochlorite ea boemo ba khoebo bakeng sa chlorination. Hypochlorite ea mokelikeli oa khoebo e na le pH e phahameng. Ha tharollo e phahameng ea pH ea hypochlorite e kopantsoe le metsi a dilution, e phahamisa pH ea metsi a tsoakiloeng ho ea holimo ho 9. Khalsiamo e ka metsing e tla itšoara le ho tsoa e le calcium carbonate scale. Lintho tse kang liphaephe, li-valve le li-rotameter li ka 'na tsa phahama' me tsa se ke tsa hlola li sebetsa hantle. Ho khothalletsoa hore mokelikeli oa boemo ba khoebo oa hypochlorite o se ke oa hlakoloa le hore liphaephe tse nyenyane ka ho fetisisa, tekanyo ea phallo e tla lumella, li sebelisoe tsamaisong.
Tlhahiso ea KhaseTlhoho e 'ngoe e amanang le hypochlorite ea boemo ba khoebo ke tlhahiso ea khase. Hypochlorite e felloa ke matla ha nako e ntse e ea 'me e hlahisa khase ea oksijene ha e senyeha. Sekhahla sa ho bola se eketseha ka ho tsepamisa mohopolo, mocheso, le li-catalyst tsa tšepe.
Tšireletseho ea Botho Ho lutla ho honyenyane meleng ea phepelo ea hypochlorite ho ka etsa hore metsi a fetohe mouoane ebe ho ntša khase ea chlorine.
Sebopeho sa ChlorateSebaka sa ho qetela se amehileng ke monyetla oa ho thehoa ha ion ea chlorate. Sodium hypochlorite e senyeha ha nako e ntse e ea ho theha ion ea chlorate (ClO3-) le oxygen (O).2). Ho senyeha ha tharollo ea hypochlorite ho itšetlehile ka matla a tharollo, mocheso, le boteng ba li-catalyst tsa tšepe.
Ho bola ha Commercial Sodium Hypochlorite ho ka etsoa ka litsela tse peli tse kholo:
a). Sebopeho sa Chlorates ka lebaka la pH e phahameng, 3NaOCl = 2NaOCl+NaClO3.
b). Ho lahleheloa ke mouoane oa chlorine ka lebaka la ho eketseha ha mocheso.
Ka hona, bakeng sa matla leha e le afe le mocheso o fanoeng, ka nako e itseng, sehlahisoa sa matla se phahameng se tla qetella se le tlaase ho matla a teng a chlorine ho feta sehlahisoa sa matla a tlaase, kaha tekanyo ea ho senyeha ha eona e kholoanyane. Mokhatlo oa American Water Works Association Research Foundation (AWWARF) o fihletse qeto ea hore ho bola ha bleach e kholo (NaOCl) ke mohloli o ka bang teng oa tlhahiso ea chlorate. Motsoako o mongata oa Chlorate ha o khothaletsoe metsing a nooang.
Chate ea Papiso ea Chlorine
Foromo ea Sehlahisoa | PH Botsitso | Chlorine e fumanehang | Sebopeho |
Cl2khase | Tlase | 100% | Khase |
Sodium hypochlorite (Khoebo) | 13+ | 5-10% | Mokelikeli |
Calcium hypochlorite granular | 11.5 | 20% | Omme |
Sodium hypochlorite (setšeng) | 8.7-9 | 0.8-1% | Mokelikeli |
Joale, sebolaea likokoana-hloko se loketseng ke sefe?
- Khase ea Chlorine- Ho kotsi haholo ho sebetsana le ho se sireletsehe libakeng tsa bolulo. Hangata, ha li fumanehe.
- Phofo ea Bleaching- Calcium Hypochlorite e sebetsa hantle, empa ts'ebetso eohle ea ho kopanya, ho lokisa, le ho lahla seretse se bohlasoa haholo ebile se boima. Sena se etsa hore sebaka sohle se be litšila. Ho feta moo, phofo ea bleaching e monya mongobo nakong ea monsoon kapa sebakeng se metsi 'me e ntša khase ea chlorine, e leng ho etsang hore matla a bleaching a lahleheloe ke matla.
- Mokelikeli oa Mokelikeli- Liquid Chlorine - kapa Sodium Hypochlorite e sebetsa haholo. Sena se boemong ba mokelikeli hoo ho leng bonolo haholo ho se tšoara. Empa Liquid Chlorine e fumanehang khoebong ha e theko e boima feela empa e lahleheloa ke matla ka nako e itseng ebe e fetoha metsi. Kotsi ea ho qhalana ke bothata bo atileng.
- Electro Chlorinator- E sebetsa haholo, e na le chelete e ngata, e bolokehile ebile e bonolo ho e lokisa le ho e sebelisa. Ena ke theknoloji ea morao-rao e amoheloang lichabeng tse ngata.
Re fana ka litsamaiso tsa jenereithara tsa sodium hypochlorite tse sebetsang haholo, tse sebelisang tekanyetso, tse bolokehileng, tse bonolo ho li lokisa le ho li sebelisa, ha u hloka tlhaiso-leseling e batsi le theknoloji mabapi le jenereithara ea sodium hypochlorite, ka kopo ikutloe u lokolohile ho ikopanya le rona neng kapa neng.