Mea hoʻoheheʻe Sodium Hypochlorite

Hana ʻo Sodium Hypochlorite Generator i ka hana kemika electrochlorination e hoʻohana ana i ka wai, ka paʻakai maʻamau a me ka uila e hana ai i ka Sodium Hypochlorite (NaOCl). Hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka solution brine (a i ʻole ka wai kai) e kahe i loko o kahi keena electrolyzer, kahi e hele ai ke au pololei a hiki i ka Electrolysis. Hoʻopuka koke kēia i ka Sodium Hypochlorite he disinfectant ikaika. Hoʻopili ʻia kēia i loko o ka wai i ka manaʻo pono e hoʻopau i ka wai, a i ʻole e pale i ka Algae Formation a me Bio Fouling.

Ku'ina Hana oMea hoʻoheheʻe Sodium Hypochlorite

I loko o ka Electrolyser, ua hele ke au i ka anode a me ka cathode i ka wai paʻakai. ʻO ia ka mea hoʻokele uila maikaʻi, no laila e hoʻoheheʻe i ka hopena sodium chloride.

Loaʻa kēia i ka chlorine (Cl₂) ke kinoea i hana ʻia ma ka anode, aʻo ka sodium hydroxide (NaOH) a me ka hydrogen (H₂) hana ʻia ke kinoea ma ka cathode.

ʻO nā hopena i hana ʻia i loko o ke kelepona electrolytic

2NaCl + 2H₂O = 2NaOH + Cl₂ + H₂

Hoʻopili hou ka chlorine me ka hydroxide e hana i ka sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). Hiki ke maʻalahi kēia pane ma ke ʻano penei

Cl₂+ 2NaOH = NaCl + NaClO + H₂O

ʻO ka hopena i hana ʻia he pH waiwai ma waena o 8 a me 8.5, a ʻo ka nui o ka nui o ka chlorine ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma lalo o 8 g/l. He lōʻihi loa kona ola ʻana i kūpono no ka mālama ʻana.

Ma hope o ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka hopena i loko o ke kahe wai, ʻaʻohe pono ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka waiwai pH, e like me ka koi pinepine ʻia i ka sodium hypochlorite i hana ʻia e ke ʻano membrane. Hoʻopili ka solution sodium hypochlorite i ka hopena kaulike, e loaʻa ai ka waikawa hypochlorous

NaClO + H₂O = NaOH + HClO

No ka hana ʻana i 1kg like o ka chlorine me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mīkini hana Sodium Hypochlorite ma ka pūnaewele, pono 4.5 kg o ka paʻakai a me 4-kilowatt hola o ka uila. ʻO ka hopena hope loa he 0.8% (8 grams/lita) sodium hypochlorite.

Nā hiʻohiʻona o ka mīkini hana sodium hypochlorite

1. maʻalahi:ʻO ka wai wale nō, ka paʻakai a me ka uila
2. ʻAʻohe ʻona:ʻO ka paʻakai maʻamau ka mea nui ʻaʻohe mea ʻawaʻawa a maʻalahi ke mālama. Hāʻawi ka Electro chlorinator i ka mana o Chlorine me ka ʻole o ka pilikia o ka mālama ʻana a i ʻole ka mālama ʻana i nā mea pōʻino.
3. Kumukuai Haʻahaʻa:ʻO ka wai wale nō, ka paʻakai maʻamau, a me ka uila e pono ai no ka electrolysis. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ke kumukūʻai hana o kahi Electrochlorinator ma mua o nā ʻano Chlorination maʻamau.
4. E maʻalahi e hoʻopaʻa ʻia no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka manaʻo maʻamau:ʻAʻole hoʻohaʻahaʻa ka sodium hypochlorite i hana ʻia ma ka pūnaewele e like me ka sodium hypochlorite kalepa. No laila, ʻaʻole pono e hoʻololi ʻia ka dosage i kēlā me kēia lā ma muli o ka ikaika o ka hopena hypo.
5. ʻAe ʻia ke ʻano disinfection e pili ana i nā lula wai inu- kahi mea ʻē aʻe me ka liʻiliʻi o nā koi palekana i nā ʻōnaehana chlorine-gas.
6. Ke ola lōʻihi, e like me ka electrolysis cell membrane
7. ʻO ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka sodium hypochlorite ma ka pūnaewele e hiki ai i ka mea hana ke hana i ka mea pono wale nō a i ka wā e pono ai.
8. Palekana no ke Kaiapuni:Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me 12.5% sodium hypochlorite, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka paʻakai a me ka wai e hoʻemi i ka hoʻokuʻu kalapona i ka 1/3rd. ʻO ka hoʻonā hypo o ka liʻiliʻi ma lalo o 1% ka nui i hana ʻia e kā mākou ʻōnaehana he maikaʻi a manaʻo ʻia ʻaʻole pilikia. ʻO kēia ka unuhi ʻana i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka palekana a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka palekana limahana.

ʻO Sodium hypochlorite generation tank: ʻO ka sodium Hypochlorite i hana ʻia ma ka pūnaewele me ke kōkua o ka brine synthetic a i ʻole ka wai kai he maikaʻi loa i ka pale ʻana i nā mea hana mai ka ulu ʻana o ka micro-organic fouling a me ka mālama ʻana i nā algae a me nā crustaceans. ʻO nā Electrochlorinators Compact i hana ʻia e FHC he mea kūpono no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka wai i ka wā o nā pōʻino e like me nā ōlaʻi, nā Kaʻi, a i ʻole Epidemics. Hoʻolālā ʻia nā Electrochlorinators no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka wai inu ma ke kauhale a me ke kauhale "point-of-use".

ʻO nā pono o ka mea hana Sodium Hypochlorite ma ka pūnaewele

ʻOiai ʻo ka noʻonoʻo hoʻokele waiwai ka mea nui i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka Sodium Hypochlorite ma luna o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano ʻano Chlorination ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻenehana.

Eia kekahi mau pilikia e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka sodium hypochlorite wai kūʻai. He kiʻekiʻe ko lākou (10-12%) o ka chlorine hana. Hoʻopuka ʻia kēia mau mea ma ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ke kinoea chlorine i ka Caustic soda (Sodium Hydroxide). Ua kapa ʻia lākou ʻo Liquid Chlorine.

ʻO ka ʻinoʻino ma muli o ka hypochlorite i hana ʻia ma ke kālepa he mea hopohopo ma muli o kona hopena i nā mea hana. ʻO kahi 10 a 15% hypochlorite solution he mea koʻikoʻi loa ma muli o kona kiʻekiʻe pH a me ka chlorine. Ma muli o kona ʻano koʻikoʻi, e hoʻohana ka solution hypochlorite i nā wahi nāwaliwali o ka ʻōnaehana paipu hypochlorite a hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe. No laila, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi mea hana sodium Hypochlorite ma ka pūnaewele he koho naʻauao.

Scaling ʻO ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka pālākiō calcium carbonate kekahi mea e hopohopo nei i ka wā e hoʻohana ai i ka hypochlorite wai wai no ka chlorination. He kiʻekiʻe ka pH o ka wai wai hypochlorite. Ke hui pū ʻia ka wai hoʻoheheʻe pH kiʻekiʻe me ka wai hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, hoʻonui ia i ka pH o ka wai i hui ʻia ma luna o 9. ʻO ka calcium i loko o ka wai e hana a hoʻoheheʻe ʻia e like me ka paona calcium carbonate. ʻO nā mea e like me nā paipu, nā pahu, a me nā rotameters hiki ke hoʻonui a ʻaʻole e hana pono. Manaʻo ʻia ʻaʻole e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka hypochlorite wai wai pāʻoihana a pono e hoʻohana ʻia nā pipeline liʻiliʻi loa, e ʻae ʻia ka kahe kahe, i loko o ka ʻōnaehana.

ʻO ka hana kinoea ʻO kekahi mea e hopohopo nei me ka hypochlorite pae pāʻoihana ka hana kinoea. Nalo ka ikaika o ka Hypochlorite i ka manawa a hoʻopuka i ke kinoea oxygen i kona decomposes. Hoʻonui ka nui o ka decomposition me ka ʻike, ka mahana, a me nā catalysts metala.

Palekana Pilikino ʻO ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi o nā laina hānai hypochlorite e hopena i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka wai a ma hope o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ke kinoea chlorine.

ʻO ka hoʻokumu ʻana o Chlorate ʻO ka wahi hope loa o ka hopohopo ʻo ia ka hiki ke hoʻokumu ʻia ka chlorate ion. Hoʻohaʻahaʻa ka sodium hypochlorite i ka manawa e hana i ka chlorate ion (ClO3-) a me ka oxygen (O.₂). ʻO ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana o ka hopena hypochlorite e pili ana i ka ikaika o ka hoʻonā, ka mahana, a me ke alo o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe metala.

Hiki ke hana ʻia ka Decomposition o Commercial Sodium Hypochlorite ma nā ʻano nui ʻelua:
a). ʻO ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā Klorate ma muli o ka pH kiʻekiʻe, 3NaOCl= 2NaOCl+NaClO3.
b). ʻO ka nalowale ʻana o ka chlorine ma muli o ka piʻi ʻana o ka mahana.

No laila, no kēlā me kēia ikaika a me ka mahana, i kekahi manawa, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka huahana ikaika kiʻekiʻe i ka ikaika chlorine i loaʻa ma mua o ka huahana ikaika haʻahaʻa, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka nui o kona decomposition rate. Ua hoʻoholo ka American Water Works Association Research Foundation (AWARF) ʻo ka decomposition o concentrated bleach (NaOCl) ke kumu nui loa o ka hana chlorate. ʻAʻole ʻōlelo ʻia ka nui o ka Chlorate i ka wai inu.

Papa Hoʻohālikelike Klorine

I kēia manawa, ʻo wai ka disinfectant kūpono?

• Kinea Klorine— He pōʻino loa ke mālama ʻana a ʻaʻole palekana ma nā wahi noho. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, ʻaʻole lākou i loaʻa.
• ʻO ka pauda hoʻomaʻemaʻe- He maikaʻi ka Calcium Hypochlorite, akā ʻo ke kaʻina holoʻokoʻa o ka hui ʻana, ka hoʻoponopono ʻana, a me ka hoʻolei ʻana i ka ʻōpala he mea ʻino loa a paʻakikī. He lepo ka wahi a pau. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka pauka bleaching e hoʻopaʻa i ka makū i ka wā o ka monsoon a i ʻole ma nā wahi pulu a hoʻokuʻu i ke kinoea chlorine, e lilo ai ka mana bleaching i kona ikaika.
• Waiwai Wai— He mea pono loa ka Liquid Chlorine -a i ole Sodium Hypochlorite. Aia kēia ma ke ʻano wai no laila maʻalahi loa e mālama. Akā ʻaʻole kūʻai wale ke kumukūʻai ʻo Liquid Chlorine akā nalo kona ikaika i kekahi manawa a lilo i wai. ʻO ka pilikia o ke kahe ʻana he pilikia maʻamau.
• Electro Chlorinator—He maikaʻi loa, waiwai, palekana, a maʻalahi hoʻi e hoʻomākaukau a hoʻohana. ʻO kēia ka ʻenehana hou loa i lawe ʻia i ka hapa nui o nā lāhui.